Bronze Alloy Charts
Commercially Available Alloys
These charts are informational only. Not for design purposes.
Centrifugally Cast - Copper Bismuth Bronze
(C89320, C89325, C89831, C89833, C89835, C89836, C89837)
New regulations taking effect in January of 2014 will require brass products used in potable water installations to be replaced by materials which are lead free.
Examples of items that may need replaced by a lead free grade if in a potable water installation:
- Lead free pump shaft sleeves
- Lead free impeller wear rings
- Lead free bushings
- Lead free adapters
- Lead free couplings
- Lead free flanges
- Lead free collars
- Lead free bowl wear rings
- Lead free case wear rings
- Lead free brass check valves
- Lead free backflow preventers
- Lead free brass ball valves
- Lead free threaded brass fittings
- Lead free water main fittings
| Copper - Bismuth (Lead Free Alternative Alloys) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cross Index | Nominal Chemical Composition | Typical Mechanical Properties | ||||||||||
| CDA | Ingot | Former SAE | Former Federal | Former ASTM | Copper | Tin | Bi | Zinc | Tensile (psi) | Yield (psi) | Elongation % | BHN (TYP.) @ 500 KG |
| C89320 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 89 | 6 | 5 | --- | 35,000 | 18,000 | 15 | 70 |
| C89325 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 86 | 10 | 3.2 | --- | 30,000 | 12,000 | 15 | 73 |
| C89831 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 89 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3 | 29,000 | 13,000 | 16 | 55 |
| C89833 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 89 | 5 | 2.2 | 3 | 30,000 | 14,000 | 20 | 60 |
| C89835 | --- | --- | Federalally III-932 | --- | 87 | 6.7 | 2.2 | 3 | 30,000 | 14,000 | 15 | 65 |
| C89836 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 89 | 5.5 | 2.5 | 3 | 33,000 | 15,000 | 20 | 65 |
| C89837 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 86 | 3.5 | 0.9 | 8 | 30,000 | 14,000 | 20 | 60 |
Centrifugally Cast - High Leaded Tin Bronzes
(C932, C934, C935, C936, C937, C938, C943, C945)
The high leaded tin bronzes contain the most widely used bearing bronze alloy C932 (also known as SAE 660). Widely available and somewhat less expensive than other bearings alloys - it is known for its unsurpassed wear performance against steel journals. It can be used against unhardened and not perfectly smooth shafts. Lead weakens these alloys but imparts the ability to tolerate interrupted lubrication. It also combines favorable antifriction properties with good load-carrying capacities and will conform to slight shaft misalignments.
Typical uses:
- General purpose bushings
- Bearings
- Washers
- Non-pressure applications
- High speed - light load bushings
- Mild acid applications
- Bearings and bushings with machinability and anti-seizing properties
- High speed - heavy pressure bushings
- Bridge parts
- Bearing plates
- Low friction - moderate pressure bushings
- Railroad applications
| High Leaded Tin Bronze | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cross Index | Nominal Chemical Composition | Minimum Mechanical Requirements | ||||||||||
| CDA | Ingot | Former SAE | Former Federal | Former ASTM | Copper | Tin | Lead | Zinc | Tensile (psi) | Yield (psi) | Elongation % | BHN (TYP) @ 500 KG |
| C93800 | 319 | 67 | (E6) | 3D | 77 | 7 | 15 | --- | 26,000 | 14,000 | 12 | 55 |
| C94000 | 296 | --- | (E2) | --- | 71 | 13 | 15 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 80 Min. |
| C94100 | 325 | --- | (E5) | --- | 76 | 6 | 20 | --- | 25,000 | 17,000 | 7 | --- |
| C94300 | 322 | --- | (E1) | 3E | 70 | 5 | 25 | --- | 21,000 | 13,000 (TYP) | 10 | 48 |
Centrifugally Cast - Leaded Tin Bronzes
(C922, C923, C926, C927)
Leaded tin bronze has similar uses as tin bronze but is specified when better machinability and/or pressure tightness is needed.
Typical uses:
- Medium pressure hydraulic & steam to 550 F
- Marine and ornamental castings
- High-pressure hydraulic and steam equipment
- Structural castings
- Lead screw nuts
- Heavy duty bearings
- Pump pistons
| Leaded Tin Bronze | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cross Index | Nominal Chemical Composition | Minimum Mechanical Requirements | ||||||||||
| CDA | Ingot | Former SAE | Former Federal | Former ASTM | Copper | Tin | Lead | Zinc | Tensile (psi) | Yield (psi) | Elongation % | BHN (TYP) @ 500 KG |
| C83600 | 115 | 40 | (B5) | 4A | 85 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 30,000 | 14,000 | 20 | 60 |
| C84400 | 123 | --- | --- | --- | 80 | 3 | 7 | 9 | 29,000 | 13,000 | 18 | 55 |
| C92800 | 295 | --- | --- | --- | 80 | 16 | 5 | --- | 40,000 (TYP.) | 30,000 (TYP.) | 1 (TYP.) | 80 (TYP.) |
| C93200 | 315 | 660 | A-932 | 3B | 83 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 30,000 | 14,000 | 15 | 65 |
| C93400 | 310 | --- | (E8) | --- | 84 | 8 | 8 | --- | 25,000 | 12,000 | 8 | 60 |
| C93500 | 326 | 66 | (E9) | 3C | 85 | 5 | 9 | 1 | 28,000 | 12,000 | 15 | 60 |
| C93600 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 81 | 7 | 12 | --- | 32,000 | 16,000 | 10 | 65 |
| C93700 | 305 | 64 | (E10) | 3A | 80 | 10 | 10 | --- | 30,000 | 12,000 | 15 | 60 |
Centrifugally Cast - Tin Bronzes
(C903, C905, C907, C916)
Tin bronze offers excellent corrosion resistance along with good wear resistance and reasonably high strength. Used in sleeve bearings, they wear especially well against steel.
Typical uses:
- Bearings
- Bushings
- Pump impellers
- Piston rings
- Pump bodies
- Valves
- Steam fittings
- Worm wheels
- Gears
- Bearings for heavy loads and relatively low speeds
| Tin Bronze | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cross Index | Nominal Chemical Composition | Minimum Mechanical Requirements | |||||||||||
| CDA | Ingot | Former SAE | Former Federal | Former ASTM | Copper | Sn | Pb | Zn | Ni | Tensile (psi) | Yield (psi) | Elongation % | BHN (TYP.) @ 500 KG |
| C90300 | 225 | 620 | (D5) | 1B | 88 | 8 | --- | 4 | --- | 40,000 | 18,000 | 20 | 70 |
| C90500 | 210 | 62 | (D6) | 1A | 88 | 10 | --- | 2 | --- | 40,000 | 18,000 | 20 | 75 |
| C90700 | 205 | 65 | --- | --- | 89 | 11 | --- | --- | --- | 35,000 | 18,000 | 10 | 80 |
| C90900 | 199 | --- | --- | --- | 87 | 13 | --- | --- | --- | 40,000 (TYP.) | 20,000 (TYP.) | 15 (TYP.) | 90 |
| C91000 | 197 | --- | (D2) | --- | 85 | 15 | --- | --- | --- | 32,000 (TYP.) | 25,000 (TYP.) | 2 (TYP.) | 105 |
| C91100 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 84 | 16 | --- | --- | --- | 35,000 (TYP.) | 25,000 (TYP.) | 2 (TYP.) | 135 |
| C91300 | 194 | --- | (D1) | --- | 81 | 19 | --- | --- | --- | 35,000 (TYP.) | 30,000 (TYP.) | 0.5 (TYP.) | 170 |
| C91600 | --- | --- | (F1) | --- | 88 | 10.5 | --- | --- | 1.5 | 35,000 | 17,000 | 10 | 85 |
| C91700 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 86.5 | 12 | --- | --- | 1.5 | 35,000 | 17,000 | 10 | 65 |
| C92200 | 245 | 622 | (D4) | 2A | 88 | 6 | 1.5 | 4.5 | --- | 34,000 | 16,000 | 22 | 65 |
| C92300 | 230 | 621 | (D3) | 2B | 87 | 8 | 1 | 4 | --- | 36,000 | 16,000 | 18 | 70 |
| C92500 | 250 | 640 | --- | --- | 87 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 35,000 | 18,000 | 10 | 80 |
| C92700 | 206 | 63 | --- | --- | 88 | 10 | 2 | --- | --- | 35,000 | 18,000 | 10 | 77 |
| C92900 | 206W/Ni | --- | --- | 84 | 10 | 2.5 | --- | 3.5 | 45,000 | 25,000 | 8 | 80 | |
**BHN @ 3000 KG
Centrifugally Cast - Yellow Brass
| Yellow Brass | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cross Index | Nominal Chemical Composition | Minimum Mechanical Requirements | |||||||||||
| CDA | Ingot | Former SAE | Former Federal | Former ASTM | Copper | Sn | Pb | Zn | Al | Tensile (psi) | Yield (psi) | Elongation % | BHN (TYP.) @ 500 KG |
| C85200 | 400 | --- | A-852 | B584-852 | 72 | 1 | 3 | 24 | --- | 35,000 | 12,000 | 25 | 45 |
| C85300 | 407 | --- | --- | --- | 70 | --- | --- | 30 | --- | 35,000 (TYP.) | 11,000 (TYP.) | 40 (TYP.) | 54 |
| C85400 | 403 | 41 | A-854 | B584-854 | 68 | 1 | 3 | 28 | --- | 30,000 | 11,000 | 20 | 50 |
| C85700 | 405.2 | --- | A-857 | B584-857 | 62 | 1 | 1 | 36 | --- | 40,000 | 14,000 | 15 | 75 |
Centrifugally Cast - Manganese Bronzes
(C862, C863, C864, C865, C867)
Manganese bronze, the strongest of the "as cast" bronze, is used primarily for heavy duty mechanical products. They provide moderately good corrosion resistance.
Typical uses:
- Brackets
- Shafts
- Gears
- Structural parts
- Screw down nuts
- Slow-speed heavy load bearings
- Gears
- Gibs and cams
- Free machine parts
- Lever arms
- Light duty gears
- Marine fittings
- Valve stems
- Propellers for salt and fresh water
- Machinery parts substituting for steel and mallable iron
| Manganese Bronze | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cross Index | Nominal Chemical Composition | Minimum Mechanical Requirements | |||||||||||
| CDA | Ingot | Former SAE | Former Federal | Former ASTM | Copper | Zn | Al | Fe | Mn | Tensile (psi) | Yield (psi) | Elongation % | BHN (TYP.) @ 3000 KG |
| C86200 | 423 | 430A | (B) & (E) | 8B | 64 | 26 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 90,000 | 45,000 | 18 | 180 |
| C86300 | 424 | 430B | (C) | 8C | 63 | 25 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 110,000 | 60,000 | 12 | 225 |
| C86500 | 421 | 43 | (A) | 8A | 58 | 39 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 65,000 | 25,000 | 20 | 100 |
Centrifugally Cast - Leaded Manganese Bronze
| Leaded Manganese Bronze | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cross Index | Nominal Chemical Composition | Minimum Mechanical Requirements | ||||||||||
| CDA | Ingot | Former SAE | Former Federal | Former ASTM | Copper | Sn | Pb | Zinc | Tensile (psi) | Yield (psi) | Elongation % | BHN (TYP.) @ 3000 KG |
| 864 | 420 | --- | C2 | 7A | 59 | --- | 1 | 40 | 60,000 | 20,000 | 15 | 105 |
| 867 | 422 | --- | --- | --- | 58 | --- | 1 | 34 | 80,000 | 32,000 | 15 | 155 |
Centrifugally Cast - Aluminum Bronzes
(C952, C953, C954, C955, C956, C958) and aerospace standards AMS 4880, AMS 4881, AMS 4640
Aluminum bronzes and nickel aluminum bronzes contain between 3% and 12% aluminum which strengthens the alloy. They are best known for their high corrosion and oxidation resistance combined with exceptionally good mechanical properties. Aluminum bronze bearings are used in heavily loaded applications. Alloys such as C954 or C955 can be quenched and tempered to reach even higher strengths when necessary. Resistance to seawater corrosion is extremely high in nickel aluminum bronzes such as C955. Due to its resistance to corrosion, erosion, and cavitation, it is widely used for propellers and other marine hardware.
Typical uses:
- Gun mounting and slides
- Landing gear parts
- Pickling tank and mild alkali applications
- Marine engine and propellers
- Gears
- Cams
- Stripper nuts
- Slippers
- High temperature applications
- Mining machine parts
- Spur and low speed - heavily loaded worm gears
- Nuts
- Pumps
- Bushings
- Tank gun recoil mechanisms
- Valve guides and seats in aircraft engines
- Cable connectors
- Pole-line hardware
- Terminals
- Propeller hubs
- Blades and other parts including valves with sea water contact
| Aluminum Bronze | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cross Index | Nominal Chemical Composition | Minimum Mechanical Requirements | |||||||||||
| CDA | Ingot | Former SAE | Former Federal | Former ASTM | Copper | Al | Fe | Ni | Mn | Tensile (psi) | Yield (psi) | Elongation % | BHN (TYP.) @ 3000 KG |
| C95200 | 415A | 68A | 9A | 88 | 9 | 3 | --- | --- | --- | 65,000 | 25,000 | 20 | 125 |
| C95300 | 415B | 68B | G7 | 9B | 89 | 10 | 1 | --- | --- | 65,000 | 25,000 | 20 | 140 |
| C95300HT | G7-HT | --- | --- | --- | 89 | 10 | 1 | --- | --- | 80,000 | 40,000 | 12 | 160 |
| C95400 | 415C | --- | A-954 | 9C | 85 | 11 | 4 | --- | --- | 75,000 | 30,000 | 12 | 170 |
| C95400-HT | --- | G5-HT | 9C-HT | --- | 85 | 11 | 4 | --- | --- | 90,000 | 45,000 | 6 | 190 |
| C95500 | 415D | --- | G3 | 9D | 81 | 11 | 4 | 4 | --- | 90,000 | 40,000 | 6 | 190 |
| C95500-HT | --- | G3-HT | 9D-HT | --- | 81 | 11 | 4 | 4 | --- | 110,000 | 60,000 | 5 | 200 |
| C95800 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 81 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 85,000 | 35,000 | 15 | 159 |
| C95900 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 82 | 13 | 4 | --- | 1 | --- | --- | --- | 241 (MIN.) |
Centrifugally Cast - Nickel Silvers
(C973, Mil C 15345 alloy 7, modified C973)
Nickel silver offers excellent corrosion resistance, high castability, and very good machinability. They have moderate strength and a pleasing silvery luster.
Typical uses:
- Valves
- Fittings
- Hardware for food and beverage handling equipment
- Seals and labyrinth rings in steam turbines
| Nickel Silver | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cross Index | Nominal Chemical Composition | Minimum Mechanical Requirements | |||||||||||
| CDA | Ingot | Former SAE | Former Federal | Former ASTM | Copper | Sn | Pb | Zn | Ni | Tensile (psi) | Yield (psi) | Elongation % | BHN (TYP.) @ 3000 KG |
| C97300 | 410 | --- | --- | --- | 56 | 2 | 10 | 20 | 12 | 30,000 | 15,000 | 8 | 55 |
| C97600 | 412 | --- | --- | --- | 64 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 20 | 40,000 | 17,000 | 10 | 80 |
